What are the views of Gandhi on religion? What did religion mean to him?

Mahatma Gandhi's views on religion were deeply profound and shaped by his spiritual journey, philosophical beliefs, and commitment to nonviolence and truth. To Gandhi, religion was not merely a set of dogmas or rituals but a way of life—a path to self-realization, moral integrity, and service to humanity. Here are some key aspects of Gandhi's views on religion:

1. Universal Spirituality: Gandhi believed in the universality of spirituality, emphasizing the common essence and fundamental truths underlying all religions. He saw religion as a means of connecting with the divine, transcending sectarian differences, and fostering harmony and unity among humanity. Gandhi famously said, "I believe in the fundamental truth of all great religions of the world."

2. Tolerance and Pluralism: Gandhi advocated for religious tolerance, pluralism, and coexistence, rejecting sectarianism, bigotry, and religious exclusivism. He believed that all religions had something valuable to offer and that diversity of faiths enriched society. Gandhi promoted interfaith dialogue, mutual respect, and understanding as essential for building peace and social cohesion.

3. Morality and Ethics: For Gandhi, religion was inseparable from morality and ethics. He emphasized the importance of living a virtuous life guided by principles of truth, nonviolence (Ahimsa), compassion, humility, and self-discipline. Gandhi viewed ethical conduct as the essence of true religion, transcending rituals and external observances.

4. Service and Selflessness: Religion, according to Gandhi, should inspire selfless service (Seva) and compassion towards others, especially the poor, oppressed, and marginalized. He believed in the concept of "Sarvodaya" (welfare of all) and saw service to humanity as a sacred duty and expression of devotion to God.

5. Inner Spiritual Transformation: Gandhi emphasized the importance of inner spiritual transformation and self-purification as the foundation of genuine religious practice. He believed that true religion should lead to self-awareness, self-control, and inner peace, enabling individuals to overcome selfish desires and egoism.

6. Active Engagement with Social Issues: Gandhi rejected the notion of religion as a purely private or otherworldly affair and advocated for its active engagement with social and political issues. He believed that religion should inspire individuals to work for social justice, equality, and the eradication of poverty and injustice. Gandhi's concept of "Sarvodaya" encompassed the idea of using religious principles to address the root causes of social suffering and promote the well-being of all.

7. Critique of Religious Hypocrisy: Despite his reverence for religion, Gandhi was critical of religious hypocrisy, fanaticism, and exploitation. He condemned religious leaders and institutions that perpetuated social divisions, discrimination, and violence in the name of religion. Gandhi called for a return to the core teachings of love, compassion, and nonviolence that he believed were at the heart of all religious traditions.

In summary, Gandhi's views on religion were characterized by universal spirituality, tolerance, morality, service, inner transformation, and social engagement. He saw religion as a means of realizing one's spiritual potential, promoting harmony among diverse faiths, and addressing the moral and social challenges of the modern world. Gandhi's vision of religion continues to inspire people around the world to seek deeper spiritual truths, practice compassion, and work towards a more just and peaceful society.