Name the diseases caused due to deficiency of various nutrients.
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Name the diseases caused due to deficiency of various nutrients.
Deficiency of various nutrients can lead to a range of health conditions and diseases. Here are some examples:
Vitamin A Deficiency: Night blindness, impaired immune function, increased susceptibility to infections, and keratinization of epithelial tissues (e.g., dry skin, dry eyes).
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency: Beriberi, characterized by neurological symptoms such as muscle weakness, tingling sensations, poor coordination, and cardiovascular symptoms such as tachycardia and edema.
Vitamin B3 (Niacin) Deficiency: Pellagra, featuring the "4 Ds" – dermatitis (skin rash), diarrhea, dementia, and death if left untreated.
Vitamin B9 (Folate) Deficiency: Megaloblastic anemia, neural tube defects in infants (e.g., spina bifida), and increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Pernicious anemia, characterized by fatigue, weakness, neurological symptoms (e.g., tingling in extremities, difficulty walking), and megaloblastic anemia.
Vitamin C Deficiency: Scurvy, featuring symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, gum disease (gingivitis), easy bruising, and delayed wound healing.
Vitamin D Deficiency: Rickets in children, characterized by weakened, soft bones and skeletal deformities; osteomalacia in adults, featuring bone pain, muscle weakness, and increased risk of fractures.
Iron Deficiency: Iron-deficiency anemia, characterized by fatigue, weakness, pale skin, shortness of breath, and decreased exercise tolerance.
Calcium Deficiency: Hypocalcemia, featuring symptoms such as muscle cramps, spasms, numbness, tingling, and osteoporosis (weak, brittle bones).
Iodine Deficiency: Iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs), including goiter (enlarged thyroid gland), hypothyroidism, and intellectual disabilities in infants born to iodine-deficient mothers.
Zinc Deficiency: Growth retardation, impaired immune function, dermatitis, hair loss, delayed wound healing, and loss of appetite.
These examples highlight the importance of consuming a balanced diet that provides all essential nutrients in adequate amounts to prevent deficiency-related diseases and promote optimal health.