Write a short note on colliculi.
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The colliculi, plural for colliculus, are small structures located in the midbrain of vertebrates, including humans. There are four colliculi in total, arranged in pairs: the superior colliculi (upper pair) and the inferior colliculi (lower pair).
Superior Colliculi: These structures are involved in visual processing and are primarily responsible for the coordination of eye movements, particularly saccadic eye movements that allow for rapid shifts in visual attention. Additionally, they play a role in integrating visual information with other sensory modalities and directing orienting behaviors in response to visual stimuli.
Inferior Colliculi: The inferior colliculi are primarily responsible for auditory processing. They receive input from the auditory nerve and are involved in the processing of sound localization, intensity, and frequency. Additionally, they play a role in integrating auditory information with other sensory modalities and coordinating reflexive responses to auditory stimuli, such as the startle reflex.