Name the diseases caused due to deficiency of various nutrients.

Deficiency of various nutrients can lead to a range of diseases and health conditions. Here are some examples:

1. Vitamin A Deficiency:

   • Disease: Night blindness, xerophthalmia (dry eyes), increased susceptibility to infections, impaired immune function, and poor growth.

2. Vitamin D Deficiency:

   • Disease: Rickets (softening and weakening of bones), osteomalacia (bone pain and muscle weakness), increased risk of fractures, and impaired immune function.

3. Vitamin C Deficiency:

   • Disease: Scurvy (weakness, fatigue, swollen and bleeding gums, joint pain, and impaired wound healing), increased susceptibility to infections, and poor collagen formation.

4. Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency:

   • Disease: Beriberi (weakness, fatigue, nerve damage, heart abnormalities), Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (neurological disorder characterized by confusion, memory loss, and impaired coordination).

5. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) Deficiency:

   • Disease: Ariboflavinosis (cracked lips, sore throat, redness and swelling of the lining of the mouth and tongue), skin disorders, and impaired growth.

6. Vitamin B3 (Niacin) Deficiency:

   • Disease: Pellagra (diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, and eventually death if left untreated), skin rash, digestive issues, and neurological symptoms.

7. Iron Deficiency:

   • Disease: Iron-deficiency anemia (fatigue, weakness, pale skin, shortness of breath, dizziness, headache, and impaired cognitive function).

8. Calcium Deficiency:

   • Disease: Osteoporosis (weak and brittle bones), increased risk of fractures, muscle cramps, and dental problems.

9. Iodine Deficiency:

   • Disease: Goiter (enlargement of the thyroid gland), hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid), impaired growth and development, and intellectual disabilities in severe cases.

10. Zinc Deficiency:

    • Disease: Growth retardation, delayed sexual maturation, impaired immune function, skin lesions, and hair loss.

These are just a few examples of diseases caused by nutrient deficiencies. A balanced diet rich in a variety of nutrients is essential for maintaining optimal health and preventing such conditions.