List causes and signs and symptoms of brain tumor.

Brain tumors can arise from various types of cells within the brain and its surrounding structures, leading to a wide range of signs and symptoms. Here are common causes, signs, and symptoms of brain tumors:

Causes:

1. Genetic Factors: Inherited genetic mutations or predispositions can increase the risk of developing certain types of brain tumors, such as gliomas and meningiomas.
2. Exposure to Radiation: Previous exposure to ionizing radiation, either from medical treatments (such as radiation therapy for other cancers) or environmental sources, can increase the risk of developing brain tumors.
3. Family History: A family history of brain tumors or certain genetic syndromes, such as neurofibromatosis or Li-Fraumeni syndrome, can predispose individuals to develop brain tumors.
4. Immune System Disorders: Conditions that weaken the immune system, such as HIV/AIDS or organ transplantation, may increase the risk of developing brain tumors.
5. Environmental Factors: Exposure to certain environmental toxins or chemicals may contribute to the development of brain tumors, although specific causative agents are not always identified.

Signs and Symptoms:

1. Headaches: Persistent or progressively worsening headaches, often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, or changes in vision, are common symptoms of brain tumors.
2. Seizures: Seizures, which may manifest as convulsions, jerking movements, or loss of consciousness, can occur due to abnormal electrical activity caused by the tumor's presence.
3. Cognitive Changes: Changes in cognitive function, including memory loss, confusion, difficulty concentrating, or personality changes, may occur as the tumor affects different regions of the brain.
4. Motor Dysfunction: Weakness, numbness, or paralysis in one or more limbs, as well as problems with coordination and balance, may result from compression or invasion of brain tissue by the tumor.
5. Speech and Language Difficulties: Difficulty speaking, slurred speech, or problems understanding language may occur if the tumor affects areas of the brain involved in speech and language processing.
6. Visual Changes: Blurred vision, double vision, visual field deficits, or other visual disturbances may occur due to pressure on or damage to the optic nerves or visual pathways.
7. Sensory Changes: Changes in sensation, such as tingling, numbness, or loss of feeling in the face, limbs, or other parts of the body, may occur if the tumor affects sensory processing areas of the brain.

These signs and symptoms can vary depending on the size, location, and rate of growth of the brain tumor, as well as individual factors such as age and overall health. Early detection and prompt medical evaluation are essential for diagnosing and treating brain tumors effectively.