Define Subaltern History.

Subaltern history is an approach to historiography that focuses on marginalized and oppressed groups whose voices and experiences have been historically neglected or silenced. Coined by Italian Marxist historian Antonio Gramsci and later developed by scholars like Ranajit Guha, subaltern history seeks to unearth the narratives of subordinated communities, often challenging dominant, Eurocentric historical perspectives.

The term "subaltern" refers to individuals or groups situated at the margins of society, often facing social, economic, or political subjugation. Subaltern history aims to recover and analyze their unique experiences, resistance, and agency, acknowledging the complexities of their struggles within broader historical contexts.

Central to subaltern history is the idea of "history from below," emphasizing the importance of grassroots movements, oral traditions, and local perspectives. Scholars employing this approach strive to dismantle hierarchical narratives and offer a more inclusive understanding of historical processes. Subaltern history has been particularly influential in postcolonial studies, providing a framework for reevaluating power dynamics, colonial legacies, and the diverse histories of marginalized communities around the world.