Explain Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, launched on October 2, 2014, by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, is a nationwide cleanliness campaign aimed at achieving the vision of a "Clean India." The campaign seeks to address the issues of sanitation, hygiene, and waste management across urban and rural areas of India, with the overarching goal of creating a clean and healthy environment for all citizens.

Key objectives of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan include:

1. Eliminating Open Defecation: One of the primary focuses of the campaign is to eradicate open defecation by promoting the construction and use of toilets in households, schools, and public places. The campaign aims to ensure universal access to safe and hygienic sanitation facilities, thereby improving public health outcomes and reducing the spread of waterborne diseases.

2. Improving Solid Waste Management: Swachh Bharat Abhiyan emphasizes the importance of proper waste management practices, including segregation, collection, transportation, and disposal of solid waste. The campaign encourages the adoption of sustainable waste management techniques such as composting, recycling, and waste-to-energy initiatives to minimize environmental pollution and promote resource conservation.

3. Promoting Behavioral Change: The campaign seeks to bring about a behavioral change in individuals and communities towards adopting clean and hygienic practices. This includes raising awareness about the importance of personal hygiene, safe drinking water, handwashing, and proper sanitation habits, as well as mobilizing community participation in cleanliness drives and awareness campaigns.

4. Building Infrastructure: Swachh Bharat Abhiyan involves the construction of household toilets, community toilets, public toilets, and sanitation facilities in schools, hospitals, and other public institutions. The campaign also focuses on the construction of solid waste management infrastructure, including waste treatment plants, landfill sites, and recycling facilities, to improve waste disposal and processing capabilities.

5. Ensuring Sustainability: The Swachh Bharat Abhiyan aims to institutionalize cleanliness and sanitation practices by engaging local governments, civic bodies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), private sector entities, and communities in the planning, implementation, and monitoring of cleanliness initiatives. Efforts are also made to leverage technology, innovation, and partnerships to enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of cleanliness efforts.

Overall, Swachh Bharat Abhiyan represents a comprehensive and multi-stakeholder approach to achieving the goal of a "Clean India." By addressing sanitation, hygiene, and waste management challenges, the campaign aims to improve public health, environmental quality, and quality of life for all citizens, while also fostering a sense of civic responsibility and national pride in maintaining cleanliness and hygiene.