Define Pudgala in Jainism.
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In Jainism, "Pudgala" refers to the concept of matter or substance that possesses material qualities and characteristics. It is one of the six fundamental substances (dravyas) recognized in Jain philosophy. Pudgala is considered a non-living, inert substance that makes up the physical world.
The term "Pudgala" is derived from "pud," meaning to increase or expand. Pudgala is characterized by its capacity to undergo modification, change, and expansion. Unlike other dravyas, Pudgala does not have the inherent quality of consciousness (jiva) but is instrumental in providing the material basis for the physical universe.
Pudgala is further categorized into two main types:
Audarika Pudgala:
This refers to the gross or visible form of matter, which includes substances like solids, liquids, and gases that are perceptible through the senses.
Audarika Pudgala:
This denotes the subtle or atomic form of matter that is imperceptible to the senses. It consists of extremely fine particles that combine to form gross matter.
In Jain cosmology, Pudgala interacts with other dravyas, such as jiva (soul) and ajiva (non-living), to contribute to the complex fabric of the universe. The understanding of Pudgala is crucial for comprehending the Jain view of the material world and its interplay with the spiritual aspects of reality.